Der Holocaust in Comics und Graphic Novels
Die zeichnerische Erzählung als Medium der Erinnerung
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Am 9. März 2025 eröffnet das Zentrum für verfolgte Künste im Bereich der Literatursammlung eine Kabinettausstellung zu Comics und Graphic Novels über den Holocaust, die sich in den letzten Jahren zu einem bedeutenden Medium der Erinnerungskultur entwickelt haben.
Die in der Ausstellung präsentierte private Sammlung erhebt nicht den Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit, sondern stellt unterschiedliche Herangehensweisen vor: von Zeitzeugenberichten und biografischen Graphic Novels bis hin zu fiktionalen Geschichten, die historische Ereignisse in künstlerischer Form aufarbeiten.
Die ersten künstlerischen Zeugnisse des Holocaust stammen unmittelbar von den Opfern. Diese Asservate des Verbrechens sind zwar nicht automatisch Kunst, doch bereits 1934 stellte der Maler Rudolph Karl von Ripper die Verfolgung der Juden in schonungslosen Zeichnungen dar. Felix Nussbaum malte sich 1938 mit dem Bild „Die trostlose Straße“ seine Verzweiflung und seinen Zorn von der Seele. Im „Schwarzbuch des Nationalsozialismus“ illustrierte der mexikanische Grafiker Carlos Mendes 1942 die Deportation der Juden in die Vernichtungslager. 1944 begann Leo Haas seine Grafikserien über das Schicksal der Juden in den deutschen Konzentrationslagern.
Nach der Befreiung der Konzentrationslager waren es Künstler wie Zinowij Tołkaczew und George Zielezinski, die das unvorstellbare Grauen mit ihren Zeichnungen dokumentierten. Sie dienten nicht nur als historische Beweise, sondern waren Ausdruck des Überlebenswillens der Betroffenen. Viele Zeichnungen wurden direkt nach dem Krieg veröffentlicht, blieben aber lange Zeit nur einem kleinen Kreis von Historikern und Überlebenden bekannt.
Nach diesen frühen Zeugnissen folgte eine lange Phase des Schweigens. In den Jahrzehnten nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg war das Thema Holocaust oft mit Tabus belegt – sowohl bei den Überlebenden als auch in der breiten Gesellschaft. Viele Überlebende konnten oder wollten nicht über ihre Erlebnisse sprechen, denn in der Nachkriegsgesellschaft wurde oft die Konfrontation mit der Vergangenheit vermieden.
Erst mit den NS-Prozessen der 1960er-Jahre und dem wachsenden öffentlichen Bewusstsein für Erinnerungskultur Ende der 1970er Jahre rückte das Thema zunehmend in den Fokus. In dieser Zeit begannen Künstlerinnen und Künstler sowie Autorinnen und Autoren, sich intensiver mit dem Holocaust auseinanderzusetzen – nicht nur in der Literatur, sondern auch im Medium Comic.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
What’s a Rich Text element?
The rich text element allows you to create and format headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, images, and video all in one place instead of having to add and format them individually. Just double-click and easily create content.
Static and dynamic content editing
A rich text element can be used with static or dynamic content. For static content, just drop it into any page and begin editing. For dynamic content, add a rich text field to any collection and then connect a rich text element to that field in the settings panel. Voila!
How to customize formatting for each rich text
Headings, paragraphs, blockquotes, figures, images, and figure captions can all be styled after a class is added to the rich text element using the "When inside of" nested selector system.
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Wechselausstellung
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Marian Ruzamski – Kunst der Erinnerung
Erste monografische Ausstellung Marian Ruzamskis außerhalb Polens
Das Zentrum für verfolgte Künste zeigt erstmals in Deutschland das gesamte Werk von Marian Ruzamski, der 1943 nach Auschwitz verschleppt wurde und später in Bergen-Belsen verstarb.

Führung
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Öffentliche Sonntagsführung in der Dauerausstellung
Eine Entdeckungsreise durch unsere Sammlung
Im Zentrum für verfolgte Künste können Sie Künstler:innen entdecken, die über die letzten Jahrzehnte in Vergessenheit geraten sind.

Führung
:
Öffentliche Sonntagsführung in der Dauerausstellung
Eine Entdeckungsreise durch unsere Sammlung
Im Zentrum für verfolgte Künste können Sie Künstler:innen entdecken, die über die letzten Jahrzehnte in Vergessenheit geraten sind.